Our robust team of entomologists, ornithologists, and restoration specialists are working to develop holistic conservation plans for at-risk bird species using experimental and innovative approaches. As a temporary measure to protect the most vulnerable bird species, we are investigating environmentally friendly techniques to reduce the impact of the Avian Vampire Fly in bird nests. So far, injecting insecticides into the base of nests, where the blood-feeding larvae reside, has increased fledgling survival in situ in four threatened bird species, including the Little Vermillion Flycatcher (Fig. 1). For the hard-to-reach nests we are evaluating the use of the self-fumigation technique where birds help us do the work by taking material back to the nest which is impregnated with natural repellents or minimum-risk insecticides. Additionally, we are studying the potential of attractant odours from fermenting fruit, birds and flies (pheromones), as lures in fly trapping programs.